Cancer

Acute myeloid leukemia is a blood cancer that usually develops and advances rapidly. Learn more about symptoms and treatment.

A rare type of cancer that starts in the adrenal cortex.

A type of cancer that starts in the anus can can cause rectal bleeding and anal pain.

For patients having a colonoscopy, Yale Medicine's anesthesiologists offer both conscious sedation and general anesthesia, tailored to your needs.

Apheresis is a technology that separates donated blood components to treat certain illnesses. Learn more about this procedure.

Bladder cancer is highly treatable when it is diagnosed in the early stages. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Blood cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the bone marrow, where blood is produced. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Bone cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the cells that make up the bone. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Brachytherapy is a cancer treatment in which radioactive materials are placed inside the body. Learn more about this treatment.

Brain tumors can arise from cells in the brain or spread to the brain from cancer in another part of the body. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow erratically and turn into cancer. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Since breast cancer is far more prevalent in women than men, it's important for men to know the symptoms in order to get diagnosed at an early stage.

Whether for screenings, diagnosis, or treatment for yourself or someone you care about, Yale Cancer Center offers multidisciplinary care.

Immunotherapy is a treatment that taps into the body's immune system to fight cancer. Learn more about this treatment.

Cancer treatments can cause a variety of short- and long-term physical side effects. Rehabilitation can treat the physical side effects of cancer treatment.

Cancer screening is any method of looking for cancer before it causes symptoms and may be easier to treat.

Cancer surgery is any procedure to remove cancerous tumors and surrounding tissue. Learn more about these procedures.

Fatigue is a common side effect of treatment for cancer. Learn more about symptoms and treatment.

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that starts in cells in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus.

A condition in which abnormal cells are present in the cervix. It's caused by the human papillomavirus.

Chemotherapy uses drugs that kill cancer cells or stop them from multiplying. Learn more about this treatment.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of blood cancer in which large numbers of lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, are produced.

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells in which large numbers of white blood cells are produced.

New drugs and medical treatments need to go through a series tests called clinical trials. This is how new and better treatments are made possible.

Colonoscopy is a procedure that uses an endoscope to examine the inside of the large intestine. Learn more about this procedure.

Colorectal cancer is a malignant (cancerous) growth that forms in the colon or rectum. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A colorectal polyp is an abnormal but often benign growth that forms on the inner (mucosal) wall of the colon or rectum. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A colposcopy is a procedure to detect precancerous conditions and cancer of the cervix. Learn more about this procedure.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare form of lymphoma that can affect the skin, blood, lymph system, and internal organs. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Doctors only diagnose cancer after ruling out other possible causes for symptoms and performing tests to check and double-check the diagnosis. Learn more about these tests.

Diagnosing leukemia in its earliest stages can improve a patient’s prognosis. Learn how this condition is diagnosed.

Pediatric sarcomas are a rare type of childhood cancer that requires a team of specialized experts for treatment. Learn how this condition is diagnosed.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an aggressive cancer that begins in the lymphocytes--a type of white blood cell--and spreads through the body via the bloodstream.

With digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) mammography, a special machine takes multiple X-rays of breast tissue from various angles. A computer then combines these images into a number of 1-millimeter slices of breast tissue that radiologists can examine to look for signs of breast cancer.

A type of tumor that begins in the brain or spinal cord. It's more common in children than adults.

Abnormal DNA changes can cause cancer to develop on the inner wall of the esophagus. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

External radiation therapy refers to a treatment in which beams of radiation that are delivered precisely to a tumor. Learn more about this treatment.

Gamma Knife surgery is a treatment that uses high-dose radiation to target brain tumors. Learn more about this treatment.

Gastrointestinal cancers occur when DNA changes cause malignant (cancerous) cells to grow along the gastrointestinal tract. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are cancers that develop in the digestive tract. They most often form in the small intestine, but can develop in the stomach, rectum, appendix, or other parts of the gastrointestinal system.

A group of syndromes characterized by the presence of numerous polyps in the colon, rectum, and/or other parts of the GI tract. People with GI polyposis syndromes are at increased risk for colorectal cancer and, in some cases, stomach cancer or cancers in other parts of the body.

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a rare type of cancer that starts in cells in the wall of the digestive tract. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Germ cell tumors are tumors that start in specialized cells called germ cells. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A type of rare tumor that develops in the uterus during pregnancy.

Term for a group of brain tumors that arise from glial cells, the cells that support nerve cells in the brain.

Cancers that develop in the throat, larynx, mouth, nose, and sinuses.

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOC) refers to cancers of the breast and ovaries caused by genetic mutations. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A hereditary cancer syndrome is an inherited syndrome in which there is an increased risk of developing cancer.

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Doctors may decide to interfere with hormone production in order to stop cancer from spreading, slow it down or decrease the odds it will come back.

A treatment for cancers that begin in or have spread to the peritoneum, the thin layer of tissue that lines the abdomen and abdominal organs. It is a two-step process that involves the surgical removal of visible tumors followed by bathing the abdominal tissues with heated chemotherapy.

A type of cancer that starts in the liver and can cause stomach pain and swelling and jaundice.

Lung cancer is a broad term for different types of cancers that begin in the lungs. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Lung cancer in nonsmokers is cancer that is commonly dispersed throughout the lungs rather than concentrated in one location. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Lymphedema is a condition in which fluid builds up in the soft tissues of the body. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system that causes white blood cells to grow uncontrollably. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Meningiomas are tumors commonly found in the membranes surrounding the brain and the spinal cord. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive form of skin cancer. It usually affects sun-exposed areas of the body, but it can occur in sun-shielded areas, too. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Mesothelioma is a cancer that starts in any of the tissue that lines the lung, heart, and other organs. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Metastatic brain cancer starts in another part of the body and spreads to the brain. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Metastatic cancer, also known as stage IV (or 4), is the name for cancer that has spread from the site in the body where it started to another part of the body. Cancer can spread to any part of the body, but it most often spreads to the lungs, bones, liver, and brain.

Mohs surgery is a type of surgery for skin cancer that minimizes the amount of skin removed. Learn more about this procedure.

Molecular diagnostics involves analyzing DNA or RNA for red flags that can pinpoint the potential emergence of a specific disease.

Myeloma is a blood cancer that affects plasma cells. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A group of blood cancers in which the blood-producing cells in the bone marrow function abnormally.

A group of diseases in which too many white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow.

Neuroblastoma is a rare type of childhood cancer that begins in developing nerve cells.

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma is a broad term for cancers that develop in the lymphocytes, which are white blood cells of the lymphatic system. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Pharyngeal cancer affects the back of the throat (pharynx), and oropharyngeal cancer affects the back of the tongue, tonsils, soft palate, and part of the throat.

Pancreatic cancer begins in the cells of the pancreas, an organ behind the stomach that produces hormones such as insulin and enzymes to aid digestion.

A pap smear is a test that can detect abnormal cell growth and the human papillomavirus virus. Learn more about this procedure.

A type of cancer that begins in the one of the four parathyroid glands in the neck.

Abnormal cells in the brain or spinal cord that have multiplied uncontrollably are known as brain or spinal cord tumors. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Pediatric cancers although common are highly treatable. Radiation therapy can be used safely and effectively to treat a variety of cancers that affect children.

Immune therapy is a cancer treatment approach that uses the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells. Learn more about this treatment.

Pediatric cancer surgery is a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor and the surrounding tissue in children. Learn about this procedure.

More than 80 percent of children diagnosed with cancer are cured, and chemotherapy is an effective treatment for childhood cancer.

Pediatric congenital heart surgery is a procedure to correct a structural problem in a child's heart. Learn about this procedure.

Penile and urethral cancers are two rare cancer types that affect the penis and urethra. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Cancer that develops in the tissue lining that covers abdominal and pelvic organs.

A rare tumor that starts in the adrenal glands, leading to excessive levels of adrenaline and other hormones.

Photodynamic therapy is a sun damage treatment that relies on a photosensitizing drug and particular kind of light. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Photopheresis (also known as extracorporeal photochemotherapy, ECP) is a blood-filtering treatment that works with your body’s own immune system to treat disease.

Pituitary tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the pituitary gland. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

A primary brain tumor is a growth that starts within the brain. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

The Gamma Knife is a machine that focuses radiation with precision, killing tumors without harming nearby tissue. Learn about this procedure.

A rare type of cancer that starts in cells that develop into skeletal muscle.

Any problem that affects your healthy tissue and organs and arises as a result of cancer treatment is called a cancer treatment side effect.

A disease caused by ultraviolet light that comes from the sun’s rays.

Skin lymphoma is a rare form of skin cancer that is not linked to sun exposure. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Smoking tobacco is the leading risk factor for small cell lung cancer, responsible for 98 percent of all cases.

A type of cancer that begins in glandular cells that line the small intestine.

Stopping smoking makes cancer treatments more effective, lessens treatment complications, and decreases the chances of cancer returning.

Cancers that begin in the soft tissues of the body such as fat, muscle, nerves, blood vessels, and fibrous tissues.

Spinal tumors are benign or cancerous tissue growths in or surrounding the spine.

Squamous cell carcinoma is a cancer in the middle and outer skin layers caused by ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), also known as radiosurgery, is an extremely precise, high-dose form of radiation therapy.

Throat cancer is a cancer found in the pharynx or larynx, linked to tobacco and/or alcohol use, and certain viruses. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Thyroid cancer is a disease in which cells in the thyroid gland grow uncontrollably and develop into cancer. Learn about symptoms and treatment.

Uterine cancer is an umbrella term for cancers that develop inside the uterus. Learn about symptoms and treatment.